Diagnosing the mad : physicians of 18th century England

The medical profession of the of the 18th century lacked a concrete set of rules when it came to the diagnostics and treatment of patients. This was equally true regarding the confinement and management of those afflicted with mental illness. Adept specialist of the generation, Philippe Pinel, William Battie, John Monro, Samuel Tuke and John Haslam among others within the generation created and refined the discipline of what it was to govern a mental facility in 18th century Europe. One particular institution, the Bethlem Royal Hospital of London, and its practitioner Dr. John Monro had an infamous reputation of alarming diagnostic procedures, treatment methods, and accusations of false confinement.